adsorption
The attraction of ions or compounds to the surface of
soil particles.
agronomic rates
Fertilizer application rates that approximate crop uptake.
backflow prevention devices
An in-line check valve installed to keep injected chemicals
from siphoning into the well.
ball probe
A metal probe used after irrigation to determine application
depth and uniformity.
banding
Placement of fertilizer or pesticide in a narrow strip
over or near the plant row.
broadcast applications
Chemicals spread over the entire field surface.
buffer strip
An area of turf or residue-covered soil used to slow
runoff and capture sediments and nutrients.
chemigation
The process of applying pesticides through an irrigation
system.
concentrated animal feeding operations
Those facilities with a larger capacity (over 1000 animal
units), or which are located in areas where the potential adverse impacts
associated with a discharge are particularly severe.
deep percolation
Irrigation water that moves downward below the root zone
and is not utilized by the crop.
diversion structure
A channel constructed to divert excess water from one
area for use or safe disposal in other areas. |
evapotranspiration
The water removed from the soil by soil evaporation and
plant transpiration.
"feel and appearance" method
A “hands-on” method for determining soil moisture and
scheduling applications.
fertigation
The process of applying nitrogen fertilizer through an
irrigation system.
field capacity
The soil water content at which drainage becomes negligible.
foliar feed
The application of fertilizer nutrients to the leaf surface
of growing plants.
gated pipe
Plastic or aluminum irrigation pipe with gates that distribute
water to individual furrows in a field.
high efficiency irrigation system
Systems such as drip, sprinkler, LEPA, and surge that
reduce the loss of irrigation water to deep percolation or runoff.
infiltration rate
The rate at which ponded water on a soil surface enters
the soil profile.
Integrated Pest Management (IPM)
Pest control strategy that uses chemical, biological,
and cultural pest control methods as a single program.
irrigation scheduling
Determining the exact amount of water to be applied to
the field, and the exact time for application.
leaching
The downward movement of dissolved or suspended minerals,
fertilizers, agricultural chemicals, or other substances through the soil
profile. |
